Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

doi:10.1007/s40436-019-00287-w

Advances in Manufacturing ›› 2020, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1): 72-81.doi: 10.1007/s40436-019-00287-w

Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Mohd Nazri Ahmad^1,2, Mohammad Khalid Wahid^1,2, Nurul Ain Maidin^1,2, Mohd Hidayat Ab Rahman^1,2, Mohd Hairizal Osman^1,2, Izzati Fatin Alis@Elias¹

1 Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia;
2 Centre for Smart System and Innovative Design, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

收稿日期:2019-04-19 修回日期:2019-11-27 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-03-07
通讯作者: Mohd Nazri Ahmad E-mail:mohdnazri.ahmad@utem.edu.my
基金资助:
The authors are thankful to the Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for providing the facilities of laboratory and supporting for this research work.

Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Mohd Nazri Ahmad^1,2, Mohammad Khalid Wahid^1,2, Nurul Ain Maidin^1,2, Mohd Hidayat Ab Rahman^1,2, Mohd Hairizal Osman^1,2, Izzati Fatin Alis@Elias¹

1 Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia;
2 Centre for Smart System and Innovative Design, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

Received:2019-04-19 Revised:2019-11-27 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-03-07
Contact: Mohd Nazri Ahmad E-mail:mohdnazri.ahmad@utem.edu.my
Supported by:
The authors are thankful to the Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for providing the facilities of laboratory and supporting for this research work.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials. This study's purpose was the development of oil palm fiber (OPF) mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as a composite filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM). The mechanical properties of this composite filament were then analyzed. OPF is a fiber extracted from empty fruit bunches, which has proved to be an excellent raw material for biocomposites. The cellulose content of OPF is 43%-65%, and the lignin content is 13%-25%. The composite filament consists of OPF (5%, mass fraction) in the ABS matrix. The fabrication procedure included alkalinizing, drying, and crushing the OPF to develop the composite. The OPF/ABS materials were prepared and completely blended to acquire a mix of 250 g of the material for the composition. Next, the FLD25 filament extrusion machine was used to form the OPF/ABS composite into a wire. This composite filament then was used in an FDM-based 3D printer to print the specimens. Finally, the printed specimens were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength. The results show that the presence of OPF had increased the tensile strength and modulus elasticity by approximately 1.9% and 1.05%, respectively. However, the flexural strength of the OPF/ABS composite had decreased by 90.6% compared with the virgin ABS. Lastly, the most significant outcome of the OPF/ABS composite was its suitability for printing using the FDM method.

The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs40436-019-00287-w.pdf

关键词: Natural fibers, Oil palm fiber (OPF), Fused deposition modeling (FDM), 3D printer, Composite filament

Abstract: Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials. This study's purpose was the development of oil palm fiber (OPF) mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as a composite filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM). The mechanical properties of this composite filament were then analyzed. OPF is a fiber extracted from empty fruit bunches, which has proved to be an excellent raw material for biocomposites. The cellulose content of OPF is 43%-65%, and the lignin content is 13%-25%. The composite filament consists of OPF (5%, mass fraction) in the ABS matrix. The fabrication procedure included alkalinizing, drying, and crushing the OPF to develop the composite. The OPF/ABS materials were prepared and completely blended to acquire a mix of 250 g of the material for the composition. Next, the FLD25 filament extrusion machine was used to form the OPF/ABS composite into a wire. This composite filament then was used in an FDM-based 3D printer to print the specimens. Finally, the printed specimens were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength. The results show that the presence of OPF had increased the tensile strength and modulus elasticity by approximately 1.9% and 1.05%, respectively. However, the flexural strength of the OPF/ABS composite had decreased by 90.6% compared with the virgin ABS. Lastly, the most significant outcome of the OPF/ABS composite was its suitability for printing using the FDM method.

The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs40436-019-00287-w.pdf

Key words: Natural fibers, Oil palm fiber (OPF), Fused deposition modeling (FDM), 3D printer, Composite filament

Mohd Nazri Ahmad, Mohammad Khalid Wahid, Nurul Ain Maidin, Mohd Hidayat Ab Rahman, Mohd Hairizal Osman, Izzati Fatin Alis@Elias. Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)[J]. Advances in Manufacturing, 2020, 8(1): 72-81.

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Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

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