Articles

An experimental study on grinding of Zr-based bulk metallic glass

  • Mustafa Bakkal ,
  • Erdinç ,
  • Serbest ,
  • İ ,
  • lker Karipç ,
  • in ,
  • Ali T. Kuzu ,
  • Umut Karagü ,
  • zel ,
  • Bora Derin
Expand
  • 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey;
    2 Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

Received date: 2015-03-22

  Revised date: 2015-09-18

  Online published: 2015-10-05

Abstract

There are limited studies in the literature about machinability of bulk metallic glass (BMG). As a novel and promising structural material, BMG material machining characteristics need to be verified before its utilization. In this paper, the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, abrasive particle size/type on the BMG grinding in dry conditions were experimentally investigated. The experimental evaluations were carried out using cubic boron nitride (CBN) and Al2O3 cup wheel grinding tools. The parameters were evaluated along with the results of cutting force, temperature and surface roughness measurements, X-ray, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface roughness analyse. The results demonstrated that the grinding forces reduced with the increasing cutting speed as specific grinding energy increased. The effect of feed rate was opposite to the cutting speed effect, and increasing feed rate caused higher grinding forces and substantially lower specific energy. Some voids like cracks parallel to the grinding direction were observed at the edge of the grinding tracks. The present investigations on ground surface and grinding chips morphologies showed that material removal and surface formation of the BMG were mainly due to the ductile chip formation and ploughing as well as brittle fracture of some particles from the edge of the tracks. The roughness values obtained with the CBN wheels were found to be acceptable for the grinding operation of the structural materials and were in the range of 0.34-0.58 lm. This study also demonstrates that conventional Al2O3 wheel is not suitable for grinding of the BMG in dry conditions.

Cite this article

Mustafa Bakkal , Erdinç , Serbest , İ , lker Karipç , in , Ali T. Kuzu , Umut Karagü , zel , Bora Derin . An experimental study on grinding of Zr-based bulk metallic glass[J]. Advances in Manufacturing, 2015 , 3(4) : 282 -291 . DOI: 10.1007/s40436-015-0121-6

References

1. Inoue A, Zhang T, Masumoto T (1989) Al-La-Ni amorphous alloys with a wide supercooled liquid region. Mater Trans JIM 30:965-972

2. Inoue A, Kato A, Zhang T et al (1991) Mg-Cu-Y amorphous alloys with high mechanical strengths produced by a metallic mold casting method. Mater Trans JIM 32:609-616

3. Zhang T, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1991) Amorphous Zr-Al-Tm (Tm = Co, Ni, Cu) alloys with significant supercooled liquid region of over 100 K. Mater Trans JIM 32:1005-1010

4. Peker A, Johnson WL (1993) A highly processable metallic glass: Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10.0Be22.5. Appl Phys Lett 63:2342-2344

5. Liu CT, Heatherly L, Easton DS et al (1998) Test environment and mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys. Metall Mater Trans A 29A:1811-1920

6. Nieh TG, Schuh C, Wadsworth J et al (2002) Strain rate-dependent deformation in bulk metallic glasses. Intermetallics 10:1177-1182

7. Bakkal M, Shih AJ, Scattergood RO (2004) Machining of a Zr- Ti-Al-Cu-Ni metallic glass. Scr Mater 50:583-588

8. Bakkal M, McSpadden SB, Liu CT et al (2005) Light emission, chip morphology, and burr formation in drilling of bulk metallic glass. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 45:741-752

9. Han DX, Wang G, Li J et al (2015) Cutting characteristics of Zrbased bulk metallic glass. J Mater Sci Technol 31(2):153-158

10. Sun Y, Huang Y, Fan H et al (2014) Comparison of mechanical behaviors of several bulkmetallic glasses for biomedical application. J Non-Cryst Solids 406:144-150

11. Bakkal M, Liu CT, Watkins TR et al (2004) Oxidation and crystallization of Zr-based bulk metallic glass due to machining. Intermetallics 12:195-204

12. Bakkal M, Shih AJ, Scattergood RO (2004) Chip formation, cutting forces, and tool wear in turning of Zr-based bulk metallic glass. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 44:915-925

13. Bakkal M, Shih AJ, McSpadden SB et al (2005) Thrust Force, torque, and tool wear in drilling of bulk metallic glass. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 45:863-872

14. Malkin S, Guo C (2008) Grinding technology: theory and applications of machining with abrasives. Industrial Press, New York

15. Xu X, Malkin S (2001) Comparison of methods to measure grinding temperature. Trans ASME J Manuf Sci Eng 123:191-196

16. Shen B, Xiao GX, Guo CS et al (2008) Thermocouple fixation method for grinding temperature measurement. J Manuf Sci Eng 130:051014

17. Chen X, Rowe WB, Cai R (2002) Precision grinding using CBN wheels. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 42:585-593

18. Malkin S (1976) Selecting of operating parameters in surface grinding of steels. J Eng Ind 98:56-62

19. Marinescu ID, Hitchiner M, Ulhmann E et al (2007) Handbook of machining with grinding wheels. CRC Press, Boca Raton

20. Malkin S, Cook NH (1971) The wear of grinding wheels, Part 1, attritious wear. J Eng Ind 93:1120-1129

21. Fu XY, Falk ML, Rigney DA (2001) Sliding behavior of metallic glass Part I: experimental investigations. Wear 250:409-419

22. Prakash B (2005) Abrasive wear behaviour of Fe, Co, and Ni based metallic glasses. Wear 258:217-224
Outlines

/